#!/usr/bin/perl

# Send live video/audio media as RTP streams, published via RTSP

# Depends: libglib-object-introspection-perl, gir1.2-gst-rtsp-server-1.0
# Recommends: gstreamer1.0-plugins-good

use v5.12;
use strictures 2;

use Glib qw( TRUE FALSE );
use Glib::Object::Introspection;
use IPC::System::Simple qw(capturex);

BEGIN {
	Glib::Object::Introspection->setup(
		basename => 'Gst',
		version  => '1.0',
		package  => 'Gst',
	);
	Glib::Object::Introspection->setup(
		basename => 'GstRtspServer',
		version  => '1.0',
		package  => 'Gst',
	);
}

my $ADDRESS  = shift || $ENV{'ADDRESS'}  || '127.0.0.1';
my $PORT     = shift || $ENV{'PORT'}     || '8554';
my $VDEVICES = shift || $ENV{'VDEVICES'} || '';
my $ADEVICES = shift || $ENV{'ADEVICES'} || '';
my $VFORMAT = shift || $ENV{'VFORMAT'} || 'VP8'; # H264 VP8 RAW - default: VP8
my $AFORMAT
	= shift || $ENV{'AFORMAT'} || 'OPUS';    # AMR OPUS RAW - default: OPUS

my @VDEVICES = $VDEVICES ? split ' ', $VDEVICES : sort split ' ',
	capturex( 'find', qw(/dev -maxdepth 1 -type c -name video*) );

# FIXME: Detect/blacklist and skip faulty devices
#my @ADEVICES = grep { /^hw:/ } capturex( 'arecord', qw(-L) );
my @ADEVICES = split ' ', $ADEVICES;
chomp @ADEVICES;

#use Data::Dump; die dd @ADEVICES;

my $HEIGHT    = 288;
my $FRAMERATE = 25;
my $AUDIORATE = 48000;

my $RATIO_NUM = 4;
my $RATIO_DEN = 3;

# * bitrates and bits in parens based on https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/General/Reference/HLSAuthoringSpec/Requirements.html
#   + bits rounded up to include nearby modulo 16 formats
#   + best (i.e. high-modulo) 16:9 heights: 216 288 360 432 576 720
#   + best (i.e. high-modulo) 4:3 heights: 288 312 384 480 624 816
# * speeds tuned to just below 100% cpu usage for each combination on a multi-core computer
# TODO: Externalize speeds to site-specific configfile
my ( $VBITRATE, $SPEED_X264, $SPEED_X264_ALONE, $SPEED_VP8,
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE );
$RATIO_NUM ||= 16;
$RATIO_DEN ||= 9;
my $WIDTH  ||= $HEIGHT * $RATIO_NUM / $RATIO_DEN;
$BITS = $WIDTH * $HEIGHT;

if ( $BITS le 110592 ) {    # 234p → 97344
	$VBITRATE         = 145000;
	$SPEED_X264       = 'fast';
	$SPEED_X264_ALONE = 'fast';
	$SPEED_VP8        = 3;
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE  = 2;
}
elsif ( $BITS le 150528 ) {    # 270p → 129600
	$VBITRATE         = 365000;
	$SPEED_X264       = 'faster';
	$SPEED_X264_ALONE = 'fast';
	$SPEED_VP8        = 4;
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE  = 2;
}
elsif ( $BITS le 196608 ) {    # 360p → 172800
	$VBITRATE         = 730000;
	$SPEED_X264       = 'veryfast';
	$SPEED_X264_ALONE = 'fast';
	$SPEED_VP8        = 5;
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE  = 3;
}
elsif ( $BITS le 331776 ) {    # 432p → 331776
	$VBITRATE         = 1100000;
	$SPEED_X264       = 'ultrafast';
	$SPEED_X264_ALONE = 'fast';
	$SPEED_VP8        = 8;
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE  = 4;
}
elsif ( $BITS le 589824 ) {    # 540p → 518400
	$VBITRATE         = 2000000;
	$SPEED_X264       = 'toofast';
	$SPEED_X264_ALONE = 'veryfast';
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE  = 5;
}
elsif ( $BITS le 921600 ) {    # 720p → 921600
	$VBITRATE         = 3000000;
	$SPEED_X264       = 'toofast';
	$SPEED_X264_ALONE = 'ultrafast';
	$SPEED_VP8_ALONE  = 15;
}
if ( toofast == $SPEED_X264 ) die "Not enough CPU - reduce size or streams";

# TODO: implement codec-specific height pools
#if ( toofast == $SPEED_X264 ) { @HEIGHTS_MPEG = () };
#unless (@HEIGHTS_MPEG) { $SPEED_VP8 = $SPEED_VP8_ALONE }
#unless (@HEIGHTS_WEBM) { $SPEED_X264 = $SPEED_X264_ALONE }

my $VCAPS = "video/x-raw,height=$HEIGHT";
my $ACAPS = "audio/x-raw,rate=$AUDIORATE,channels=2,depth=16";

# * http://stackoverflow.com/a/42237307
my $ABUFFERS = 20000;

# * force threads using queues - see http://stackoverflow.com/a/30738533
# * generous queue sizes inspired by https://wiki.xiph.org/GST_cookbook
my $QUEUE = "queue max-size-bytes=100000000 max-size-time=0";

my %PIPELINE = (
	AMR => {
		AENC => [ 'amrnbenc', $QUEUE, 'rtpamrpay' ],
	},
	H264 => {

	   # * let x264 use low-latency sliced-threads (i.e. don't disable treads)
		VENC => [
			"x264enc speed-preset=$SPEED_H264 tune=zerolatency bitrate=800 byte-stream=true key-int-max=15 intra-refresh=true option-string=\"slice-max-size=8192:vbv-maxrate=80:vbv-bufsize=10\"",
			'video/x-h264,profile=baseline',
			$QUEUE,
			'rtph264pay',
		],
	},
	OPUS => {
		AENC => [ 'opusenc', $QUEUE, 'rtpopuspay' ],
	},
	VP8 => {
		VENC => [
			"vp8enc threads=4 cpu-used=$SPEED_VP8 deadline=1000000 end-usage=1 target-bitrate=$VBITRATE undershoot=95 keyframe-max-dist=999999 max-quantizer=56 deadline=5000 static-threshold=500",
			'video/x-vp8',
			$QUEUE,
			'rtpvp8pay',
		],
	},
	RAW => {
		AENC => ['rtpL16pay'],
		VENC => ['rtpvrawpay'],
	},
);

our $nextpayload = 0;

sub cam
{
	my ( $device, $payload ) = @_;

	my $factory  = Gst::RTSPMediaFactory->new();
	my $pipeline = join(
		' ! ',
		(   "v4l2src device=$device",
			$QUEUE,
			'videoconvert',
			$VCAPS,
			$QUEUE,
			@{ $PIPELINE{$VFORMAT}{'VENC'} },
		)
	);
	return "( $pipeline name=pay$payload )";
}

sub mic
{
	my ( $device, $payload ) = @_;

	my $factory  = Gst::RTSPMediaFactory->new();
	my $pipeline = join(
		' ! ',
		(   "alsasrc device=$device buffer-time=$ABUFFERS",
			$QUEUE,
			'audioconvert',
			$QUEUE,
			@{ $PIPELINE{$AFORMAT}{'AENC'} },
		)
	);
	return "( $pipeline name=pay$payload )";
}

sub factory
{
	my @pipeline = @_;

	my $factory = Gst::RTSPMediaFactory->new();
	$factory->set_launch( join( ' ', @pipeline ) );
	$factory->set_shared(TRUE);

#say "media ($device): " . $factory->get_launch();
#	$factory->set_latency(5);
#say "latency ($device): " . $factory->get_latency();
	return $factory;
}

Gst::init( [ $0, @ARGV ] );
my $loop = Glib::MainLoop->new( undef, FALSE );

# create a server instance
my $server = Gst::RTSPServer->new();
$server->set_address($ADDRESS);
$server->set_service($PORT);

# get the mount points for this server, every server has a default
# object that be used to map uri mount points to media factories
my $mounts = $server->get_mount_points();

# attach media to URIs
my @mounts;
for my $i ( 0 .. $#VDEVICES ) {
	my $mount = "/cam$i";
	$mounts->add_factory(
		$mount,
		factory( cam( $VDEVICES[$i], $nextpayload++ ) )
	);
	push @mounts, $mount;
}
for my $i ( 0 .. $#ADEVICES ) {
	my $mount = "/mic$i";
	$mounts->add_factory(
		$mount,
		factory( mic( $ADEVICES[$i], $nextpayload++ ) )
	);
	push @mounts, $mount;
}
if ( @ADEVICES and @VDEVICES ) {
	my $mount = "/main";
	$mounts->add_factory(
		$mount,
		factory(
			mic( $ADEVICES[0], $#VDEVICES + 1 ),
			cam( $VDEVICES[0], 0 )
		)
	);
	push @mounts, $mount;
}

# don't need the ref to the mapper anymore
undef $mounts;

# attach the server to the default maincontext
my $retval = $server->attach(undef);

# start serving
say "streams ready at the following URLs:";
for (@mounts) {
	say "rtsp://$ADDRESS:$PORT$_";
}
$loop->run;